Introduction to Polygon (MATIC)

Polygon, formerly known as Matic Network, has emerged as a pivotal player in the Ethereum ecosystem, addressing critical scaling challenges that have plagued the world's second-largest blockchain. Founded by Jaynti Kanani and Sandeep Nailwal, Polygon represents India's first unicorn protocol in the crypto space, with a market capitalization that has soared to billions of dollars. This article delves into the insights shared by the founders in an exclusive interview, exploring the journey of Polygon, its impact on Ethereum scaling, and the broader implications for the blockchain industry.

The Ethereum Scaling Challenge

Ethereum, while revolutionary, has faced significant hurdles in terms of transaction speed and cost. Users have experienced wait times of up to 10 hours for transaction confirmations and fees as high as $900 (approximately 70,000 rupees) for a single transaction. These issues have effectively "priced out experimentation" on the network, as one Twitter user aptly put it. Polygon addresses these pain points by offering a solution that confirms transactions in 1-2 seconds at a fraction of a cent.

How Polygon Works

Polygon operates as a sidechain to Ethereum, more accurately described as a commit chain. It functions as a separate blockchain that processes transactions at high frequency and low cost, periodically reporting these transactions back to the main Ethereum chain. This approach allows Polygon to leverage Ethereum's security while dramatically improving scalability.

Polygon's Unique Value Proposition

What sets Polygon apart is its commitment to seamless integration with existing Ethereum infrastructure. Jaynti Kanani explains:

"We just want to leverage the Ethereum users and the tooling instead of creating our own tooling in PRAP. So that's where, let's say, if you're an Ethereum developer, you are building on Ethereum. And if you want to scale your applications, it would be easy for you to just move the things and just change the URL to the metric. And that's it, right?"

This developer-friendly approach has been instrumental in Polygon's rapid adoption and success.

The Founders' Journey

The story of Polygon's inception is one of vision and perseverance. Jaynti Kanani's journey began in 2017 when he was trading Bitcoin and Ethereum while working at housing.com. His experimentation with a platform for betting on TV series theories led him to explore blockchain technology as a solution for global payments.

Sandeep Nailwal, on the other hand, brought his entrepreneurial experience to the table. Having run multiple startups and served as a CTO in the e-commerce sector, Nailwal was driven by the desire to build a scaling business. The irony of ending up in Ethereum scaling solutions is not lost on him.

The Blockchain Trilemma

Understanding Polygon's role requires grasping the blockchain trilemma - the challenge of achieving security, decentralization, and scalability simultaneously. Sandeep Nailwal offers an insightful analogy:

"When you're interacting with a web 2 site like IRCTC, you're essentially interacting with a single server. With blockchains, it's decentralized computing. Hundreds or thousands of servers are computing the same logic simultaneously."

This decentralization inherently impacts scalability, as every transaction must be verified by multiple nodes across the network.

Polygon's Solution to the Trilemma

Polygon addresses this challenge by offering a layer 2 solution that balances these competing priorities. With 100 validators, Polygon maintains a significant degree of decentralization while dramatically improving transaction speed and cost. This approach allows Polygon to serve as an efficient "suburb" to Ethereum's "city center," providing ample space for a wide range of applications.

Projects Leveraging Polygon

The success of Polygon is evident in the diverse range of projects utilizing its infrastructure. Notable examples include:

1. Polymarket: A large prediction market platform
2. Aave: A decentralized finance (DeFi) protocol with over $3 billion in assets
3. Sushiswap: A popular decentralized exchange
4. Decentraland: A leading virtual reality platform
5. NFT projects: Including high-profile NFTs from celebrities like Elon Musk and Jack Dorsey

Additionally, real-world adoption is taking place, with the Egyptian shipping industry utilizing Polygon for transactions.

Polygon's Competitive Edge

The founders attribute Polygon's success to several key factors:

1. Developer-friendly approach: Leveraging existing Ethereum tooling and infrastructure
2. Dedicated team: The founders' commitment to working 15+ hours a day
3. Responsive support: Quick turnaround times for developer queries
4. Perseverance: Overcoming initial skepticism, especially from Western markets

The Indian Crypto Ecosystem

Polygon's success story is intertwined with the broader narrative of India's emerging crypto ecosystem. Despite regulatory uncertainties, the founders note that approximately 70-75% of crypto holders in India have interacted with Matic tokens. This represents a significant penetration within a community of 7-10 million crypto users in the country.

Advice for Indian Engineers

For aspiring Indian engineers looking to enter the blockchain space, the founders offer several recommendations:

1. Read the Bitcoin whitepaper to understand the fundamentals
2. Explore the "Mastering Ethereum" book for technical depth
3. Start building simple decentralized applications (dApps)
4. Engage with the community, as the crypto space is known for its openness and accessibility

Jaynti Kanani emphasizes the importance of hands-on experience:

"Take a direct plunge and start, you know, if you're an engineer, think of building a simple D app, that they say, right? You know, just like a D app which provides a webpage where you can, you know, simply, let's say, create an NFT, like simple, create an NFT on a simple webpage. Just do this. And then you will, you know, automatically, then you don't need to do anything. You'll automatically get sucked into the field."

The Ethereum Community

Both founders speak highly of the Ethereum community, praising its collaborative nature and the leadership of figures like Vitalik Buterin. Sandeep Nailwal highlights the unique sense of ownership fostered within the Ethereum ecosystem:

"We don't think that Ethereum is Vitalik's or Ethereum foundation's project. Like, we think Ethereum is my project also. Like, Ethereum is my network also. That, that feeling of ownership that the foundation has created amongst everyone, you know, every community member is what inspires these huge number of smart people, like some of the smartest people in the world to come and contribute to Ethereum."

COVID-19 Relief Efforts

In a testament to the crypto community's potential for social impact, Sandeep Nailwal initiated a COVID-19 relief fund that raised over $6.5 million within days. This effort demonstrated the power of crypto for rapid, global fundraising and deployment of resources in times of crisis.

The Future of Blockchain

Looking ahead, the founders see a future where multiple blockchains coexist and interoperate. Jaynti Kanani envisions:

"In the longer run, I'm seeing like many blockchains may be interoperable between each other, doing something, let's say, we have a this whole cutout Solana, a mirror and multiple others. So I'm seeing, like, I want to see multiple people succeeding in this ecosystem and building something beautiful, right?"

Investment Advice and Market Outlook

While cautioning against treating their words as financial advice, the founders share insights on portfolio construction and market dynamics. They note the emergence of "product-market fits" for various blockchain use cases, potentially leading to a more stable market compared to previous cycles.

Sandeep Nailwal observes:

"Bitcoin has its product market fit at store of value. Why? Because, you know, companies like Tesla and, you know, Apple's and all these other world are buying it for the store of the value. Second, Ethereum has DeFi as the biggest product market fit, right? So it is there and Wall Street and all these traditional world is interested into it. NFTs are a big product market fit, right?"

Conclusion

Polygon's journey from an Indian startup to a global blockchain powerhouse illustrates the transformative potential of decentralized technologies. As Ethereum continues to evolve, layer 2 solutions like Polygon play a crucial role in realizing the vision of a scalable, accessible, and innovative blockchain ecosystem. The insights shared by Jaynti Kanani and Sandeep Nailwal not only shed light on Polygon's success but also offer valuable perspectives on the future of blockchain technology and its impact on global finance and beyond.

Facts + Figures

• Polygon (formerly Matic) has reached a market capitalization of approximately $11.4 billion
• Ethereum transaction fees have reached as high as $900 (70,000 rupees) for a single transaction
• Polygon confirms transactions in 1-2 seconds at a fraction of a cent
• Polygon has over 100 validators on its network
• Aave, a DeFi protocol on Polygon, has over $3.2-3.5 billion in assets
• 70-75% of crypto holders in India have interacted with Matic tokens
• The Indian crypto community is estimated to be around 7-10 million users
• Sandeep Nailwal's COVID-19 relief fund raised over $6.5 million within days
• Jaynti Kanani first bought Bitcoin at $600
• Sandeep Nailwal's personal portfolio is 80-90% Ethereum (excluding Matic holdings)
• The founders predict Bitcoin could potentially reach $100,000 in the next market rally
• Polygon now has over 300 projects built on its platform
• The Egyptian shipping industry is utilizing Polygon for transactions
• Polygon's success is attributed to the founders working 15+ hours a day, totaling about 300 hours a week among the three co-founders

Questions Answered

What is Polygon and how does it solve Ethereum's scaling issues?

Polygon is a layer 2 scaling solution for Ethereum that operates as a sidechain or commit chain. It processes transactions at high speed and low cost on its own blockchain, then periodically reports these transactions back to the Ethereum main chain. This approach allows Polygon to leverage Ethereum's security while dramatically improving scalability, confirming transactions in 1-2 seconds at a fraction of the cost of Ethereum transactions.

How did the founders of Polygon come up with the idea for the project?

Jaynti Kanani, one of the founders, was trading Bitcoin and Ethereum in 2017 while working on side projects. He realized there was an opportunity to create a scaling solution for Ethereum after experiencing the network's limitations firsthand. Sandeep Nailwal, with his background in entrepreneurship and technology, joined forces with Kanani to build a scalable blockchain solution. Their combined expertise and vision led to the creation of Polygon (formerly Matic).

What advice do the Polygon founders have for Indian engineers interested in blockchain?

The founders recommend several steps for Indian engineers looking to enter the blockchain space:

1. Read the Bitcoin whitepaper to understand the fundamentals
2. Explore the "Mastering Ethereum" book for technical depth
3. Start building simple decentralized applications (dApps)
4. Engage with the crypto community, which is known for its openness and accessibility They emphasize the importance of hands-on experience and taking a "direct plunge" into building projects on blockchain platforms.

How does Polygon compare to other Ethereum scaling solutions?

Polygon differentiates itself through its developer-friendly approach, leveraging existing Ethereum tooling and infrastructure. This allows Ethereum developers to easily port their applications to Polygon with minimal changes. The founders also attribute their success to their dedicated team, responsive support, and perseverance in overcoming initial skepticism, especially from Western markets. While acknowledging the value of other scaling solutions, they believe Polygon's approach and ecosystem give it a competitive edge.

What is the founders' perspective on the future of blockchain and cryptocurrency?

The founders envision a future where multiple blockchains coexist and interoperate. They see the emergence of "product-market fits" for various blockchain use cases, such as Bitcoin as a store of value, Ethereum for DeFi, and the growing importance of NFTs. They predict a potentially more stable market compared to previous cycles due to these established use cases and increased institutional interest. However, they still caution about potential market volatility and advise careful investment strategies.